“Do not use water bottles with BPA”, this is a consensus not only in the United States, but also in the health departments of many countries around the world.

Bisphenol A, also known as BPA, is a toxic chemical. It is a white needle-like crystal. It is soluble in acetic acid, acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, etc. at room temperature, slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride, and insoluble in water. It is weakly acidic. Within the allowable dosage range, if you accidentally take BPA, you can take measures to discharge it in time. In the past ten years, more and more products have used BPA. In the manufacturing process of plastic products, the addition of bisphenol A can make it have the characteristics of colorless, transparent, durable, lightweight and outstanding impact resistance, especially to prevent acidic vegetables and fruits from corroding metal containers from the inside, that is why it is widely used in cans In the manufacturing process of food and beverage packaging, milk bottles, water bottles, sealants for dental fillings, eyeglass lenses and hundreds of other daily necessities.

There are more or less (less) bisphenol A hidden in daily necessities in our life, which greatly increases the hidden dangers in social life. This warns people that they have to raise their safety awareness, choose qualified products carefully, and be responsible for their own health.

The experimental data to test BPA chemical toxicity showed that oral administration of 2400 mg/kg of in mice can produce acute toxicity, and oral administration of 15 mg/kg of BPA can produce reproductive toxicity. From this data, we can understand that BPA is extremely harmful to organisms.

Health Hazard

BPA is a toxic chemical. Animal experiments have found that BPA has the effect of mimicking estrogen. Even a very low dose can cause precocious females, decreased sperm count, and prostate growth in animals. In addition, some data show that BPA has certain embryotoxicity and teratogenicity, which can significantly increase the occurrence of animal ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia and other cancers. At the same time, studies have shown that BPA is associated with asthma in mice. Preliminary human experiments have shown that pregnant women affected by BPA in the first trimester may cause infants with asthma.

Scientists specifically conducted research on the effects of BPA on male endocrine with humans as test subjects. In this experiment, the researchers compared a group of male workers who had been exposed to BPA environment in the factory for more than 5 years with another group of workers who had not been exposed to BPA environment for 5 years. The results showed that the risk of erectile dysfunction in male workers exposed to BPA was 4 times that of the control group, and the possibility of ejaculation difficulties was 7 times that of the control group. The results of this study are the first direct evidence that long-term exposure to BPA is harmful to health.

Studies have shown that BPA is a risk factor for human cancer. Some research results suggest that BPA in plastic products such as plastic milk bottles may affect the growth and development of infants and young children, and cause damage to children’s brains and sexual organs.

Studies have shown that the PC material used to make plastic containers may release toxic BPA. The higher the temperature, the faster the release rate.

BPA will cause following harm  after entering the human esophagus

Firstly, BPA leads to organ failure, leukemia, and rapid weight loss or rapid increase

Secondly, it leads to excessive secretion of female estrogen, precocious puberty, and less secretion of male sperm, impairing reproductive function.

Thirdly, it may cause diseases such as breast cancer and birth defects of newborns.  There are also more potential toxicity of BPA after entering the esophagus, we need to pay close attention to its potential toxicity.

If the water bottles people used contain BPA, then these BPA will have the opportunity to enter the esophagus along with the water and harm people’s health.

BPA and Body Function

Scientific analysis shows that BPA is an environmental secretion disruptor with weak estrogen activity. A large amount of BPA can dialysis from the garbage to the surrounding ecosystems, which leads to the potential danger of human and wildlife exposure. Some experimental data show that BPA can be detected in the urine of 93% of the tested population, as well as in human follicular fluid, amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood, and even breast milk. This discovery will be a fatal warning to us. BPA can be passed to newborns through breast milk. Then think about how shocking news this will be. Before the subject of environmental health science, I didn’t know much about BPA, and I never thought about the potential hazards hidden in the details of my life. What is more worthy of being pointed out is that in recent years, a number of research cases have shown that the main culprit, such as infertility, reproductive tract malformations, breast cancer and prostate disease, is BPA. And when the BPA content is higher than the normal level, it will easily lead to female obesity, endometrial hyperplasia, habitual miscarriage, and the male hormone level in the male serum will also increase.

It is a self-evident conclusion that BPA is harmful to health. The government immediately banned the use of BPA seems to be a matter of course.

However, under the guidance of the traditional toxicology view of “the dose size determines the hazard”, people have always believed that the concentration of BPA that people are exposed to in daily life environment is very low, not enough to constitute a hazard to the human body. Until the 1980s, the official conclusion after using standard methods to detect BPA was still: only when the dose of BPA is much higher than the current human body content, can it cause organ failure, leukemia and weight. A sharp decline. Under this understanding, BPA is widely used with confidence. In the long-running debate between the private sector, manufacturers, and the government about “low-dose BPA is harmful or safe”, major chemical manufacturers are still producing various BPA-containing products and selling them overseas. Due to the results of various studies on BPA and the occurrence of adverse events, such as the “baby bottle containing BPA” incident, many countries have rectified the production and use of this chemical substance. For example, the United States has taken the lead in banning the use of the chemical substance BPA in baby bottles and other food and beverage containers; the Canadian government has banned the import and sale of polycarbonate plastic baby bottles containing BPA; the French Senate has also begun to formulate BPA Prohibition policy.

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International Attitude

Industry reaction

Forzani Group, Canada’s largest sports product retailer, removed all water bottles containing BPA from its more than 500 stores, followed by other retailers

Wal-Mart Supermarket and some other major retailers have already taken off the shelves of food containers containing BPA;

Some baby product stores are also phasing out products containing BPA;

Some manufacturers have begun to promote BPA-free baby bottles.

BPA restriction regulations in various countries

Sweden: In March 2013, the Swedish Code promulgated regulation SFS 2012:991, prohibiting BPA (BPA) in coatings and coatings for food packaging for children under 3 years of age. The new regulation revised the Food Regulation 2006:813 and will Effective July 1, 2013.

Norway: The first to include BPA as a restricted substance should be the Norwegian RoHS directive, which was originally scheduled to take effect on January 1, 2008, and was postponed due to the lack of consensus on many issues.

Canada: On October 18, 2008, Canada declared BPA a toxic chemical substance, thus becoming the first country in the world to list BPA as a toxic chemical substance, and prohibiting the use of BPA in the production of baby bottles Phenol A.

United States:

  1. Federal: In March 2009, the proposal banned the use BPA in “reusable food containers” and “other food containers”. This ban came into effect 180 days after it was officially passed.
  2. Suffolk County, New York: The resolution announced on April 2, 2009 will take effect 90 days later. According to this law, no one in Suffolk County may sell or provide for the sale of baby bottles and children’s beverage containers containing BPA for children under 3 years of age.
  3. Illinois: From July 1, 2010, no one is allowed to sell, provide for sale, distribute or provide for distribution sports water bottles containing BPA, or children’s food containers for children 3 years of age or younger, Regardless of whether the container contains food or beverages.
  4. Maryland: It is stipulated that child care products must not contain BPA or any other substances that are carcinogenic or toxic to the reproductive system, and manufacturers must mark the product as free of BPA. Violation of the above regulations can be fined up to 10,000 U.S. dollars.

BPA Substance Toxicity

Toxicity test data reported in literature and journals

NumberToxicity typeTesting methodTesting objectDosage
1Acute toxicityOralRat3250 mg/kg
2Acute toxicityOralMouse2400 mg/kg
3Acute toxicityInhaleMouse>1700 mg/m3/2H
4Acute toxicityIntraperitoneal injectionMouse150 mg/kg
5Acute toxicitySubcutaneous injectionMouse2500 mg/kg
6Acute toxicityOralRabbit2230 mg/kg
7Acute toxicitySkin surfaceRabbit3 ml/kg
8Acute toxicityOralGuinea pig4 mg/kg
9Acute toxicityOralMammal6500 mg/kg
10Chronic toxicityOralRat12 mg/kg/12D-I
11Chronic toxicityOralRat42 mg/kg/8W-C
12Chronic toxicityOralRat5460 mg/kg/13W-C
13Chronic toxicityOralRat31500 mg/kg/9W-I
14Chronic toxicityOralRat455 mg/kg/26W-I
15Chronic toxicityInhaleRat150 mg/m3/6H/13W-I
16Chronic toxicityInhaleRat47 mg/m3/2H/19W-I
17Chronic toxicityOralMouse273 mg/kg/13W-C
18Chronic toxicityInhaleMouse200 mg/m3/2H/41D-I
19Chronic toxicityOralRabbit31500 mg/kg/9W-I
20Chronic toxicityOralRabbit4550 mg/kg/26W-I
21Eye toxicitySkin surfaceRabbit250 mg
22Eye toxicitySkin surfaceRabbit500 mg/24H
23Eye toxicityIn the eyeRabbit250 ug/24H
24Mutation toxicityRat liver200 umol/L
25Mutation toxicityIntraperitoneal injectionRat200 mg/kg
26Mutation toxicityOralRat800 mg/kg/4D (continued)
27Mutation toxicityHamster lung200 umol/L
28Mutation toxicityHamster ovary400 umol/L
29Mutation toxicityHamster ovary400 umol/L
30Reproductive toxicityOralRatmg/kg, 6-15 days after female conception
31Reproductive toxicityOralRat15 mg/kg, 6-15 days after female conception
32Reproductive toxicityOralRat/kg, 21 days before 10 days of female conception
33Reproductive toxicityOralRat6400 ug/kg, 13-22 days after female conception
34Reproductive toxicityIntraperitoneal injectionRat1275 mg/kg, 1-15 days after female conception
35Reproductive toxicityIntraperitoneal injectionRat1275 mg/kg, 1-15 days after female conception
36Reproductive toxicityIntraperitoneal injectionRat1875 mg/kg, 1-15 days after female conception
37Reproductive toxicityIntraperitoneal injectionRat1275 mg/kg, 1-15 days after female conception
38Reproductive toxicityIntraperitoneal injectionRat1875 mg/kg, 1-15 days after female conception

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