“Do not use water bottles with BPA”, this is a consensus not only in the United States, but also in the health departments of many countries around the world.

Bisphenol A, also known as BPA, is a toxic chemical. It is a white needle-like crystal. It is soluble in acetic acid, acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, etc. at room temperature, slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride, and insoluble in water. It is weakly acidic. Within the allowable dosage range, if you accidentally take BPA, you can take measures to discharge it in time. In the past ten years, more and more products have used BPA. In the manufacturing process of plastic products, the addition of bisphenol A can make it have the characteristics of colorless, transparent, durable, lightweight and outstanding impact resistance, especially to prevent acidic vegetables and fruits from corroding metal containers from the inside, that is why it is widely used in cans In the manufacturing process of food and beverage packaging, milk bottles, water bottles, sealants for dental fillings, eyeglass lenses and hundreds of other daily necessities.

There are more or less (less) bisphenol A hidden in daily necessities in our life, which greatly increases the hidden dangers in social life. This warns people that they have to raise their safety awareness, choose qualified products carefully, and be responsible for their own health.

The experimental data to test BPA chemical toxicity showed that oral administration of 2400 mg/kg of in mice can produce acute toxicity, and oral administration of 15 mg/kg of BPA can produce reproductive toxicity. From this data, we can understand that BPA is extremely harmful to organisms.

Health Hazard

BPA is a toxic chemical. Animal experiments have found that BPA has the effect of mimicking estrogen. Even a very low dose can cause precocious females, decreased sperm count, and prostate growth in animals. In addition, some data show that BPA has certain embryotoxicity and teratogenicity, which can significantly increase the occurrence of animal ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia and other cancers. At the same time, studies have shown that BPA is associated with asthma in mice. Preliminary human experiments have shown that pregnant women affected by BPA in the first trimester may cause infants with asthma.

Scientists specifically conducted research on the effects of BPA on male endocrine with humans as test subjects. In this experiment, the researchers compared a group of male workers who had been exposed to BPA environment in the factory for more than 5 years with another group of workers who had not been exposed to BPA environment for 5 years. The results showed that the risk of erectile dysfunction in male workers exposed to BPA was 4 times that of the control group, and the possibility of ejaculation difficulties was 7 times that of the control group. The results of this study are the first direct evidence that long-term exposure to BPA is harmful to health.

Studies have shown that BPA is a risk factor for human cancer. Some research results suggest that BPA in plastic products such as plastic milk bottles may affect the growth and development of infants and young children, and cause damage to children’s brains and sexual organs.

Studies have shown that the PC material used to make plastic containers may release toxic BPA. The higher the temperature, the faster the release rate.

BPA will cause following harm  after entering the human esophagus

Firstly, BPA leads to organ failure, leukemia, and rapid weight loss or rapid increase

Secondly, it leads to excessive secretion of female estrogen, precocious puberty, and less secretion of male sperm, impairing reproductive function.

Thirdly, it may cause diseases such as breast cancer and birth defects of newborns.  There are also more potential toxicity of BPA after entering the esophagus, we need to pay close attention to its potential toxicity.

If the water bottles people used contain BPA, then these BPA will have the opportunity to enter the esophagus along with the water and harm people’s health.

BPA and Body Function

Scientific analysis shows that BPA is an environmental secretion disruptor with weak estrogen activity. A large amount of BPA can dialysis from the garbage to the surrounding ecosystems, which leads to the potential danger of human and wildlife exposure. Some experimental data show that BPA can be detected in the urine of 93% of the tested population, as well as in human follicular fluid, amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood, and even breast milk. This discovery will be a fatal warning to us. BPA can be passed to newborns through breast milk. Then think about how shocking news this will be. Before the subject of environmental health science, I didn’t know much about BPA, and I never thought about the potential hazards hidden in the details of my life. What is more worthy of being pointed out is that in recent years, a number of research cases have shown that the main culprit, such as infertility, reproductive tract malformations, breast cancer and prostate disease, is BPA. And when the BPA content is higher than the normal level, it will easily lead to female obesity, endometrial hyperplasia, habitual miscarriage, and the male hormone level in the male serum will also increase.

It is a self-evident conclusion that BPA is harmful to health. The government immediately banned the use of BPA seems to be a matter of course.

However, under the guidance of the traditional toxicology view of “the dose size determines the hazard”, people have always believed that the concentration of BPA that people are exposed to in daily life environment is very low, not enough to constitute a hazard to the human body. Until the 1980s, the official conclusion after using standard methods to detect BPA was still: only when the dose of BPA is much higher than the current human body content, can it cause organ failure, leukemia and weight. A sharp decline. Under this understanding, BPA is widely used with confidence. In the long-running debate between the private sector, manufacturers, and the government about “low-dose BPA is harmful or safe”, major chemical manufacturers are still producing various BPA-containing products and selling them overseas. Due to the results of various studies on BPA and the occurrence of adverse events, such as the “baby bottle containing BPA” incident, many countries have rectified the production and use of this chemical substance. For example, the United States has taken the lead in banning the use of the chemical substance BPA in baby bottles and other food and beverage containers; the Canadian government has banned the import and sale of polycarbonate plastic baby bottles containing BPA; the French Senate has also begun to formulate BPA Prohibition policy.

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International Attitude

Industry reaction

Forzani Group, Canada’s largest sports product retailer, removed all water bottles containing BPA from its more than 500 stores, followed by other retailers

Wal-Mart Supermarket and some other major retailers have already taken off the shelves of food containers containing BPA;

Some baby product stores are also phasing out products containing BPA;

Some manufacturers have begun to promote BPA-free baby bottles.

BPA restriction regulations in various countries

Sweden: In March 2013, the Swedish Code promulgated regulation SFS 2012:991, prohibiting BPA (BPA) in coatings and coatings for food packaging for children under 3 years of age. The new regulation revised the Food Regulation 2006:813 and will Effective July 1, 2013.

Norway: The first to include BPA as a restricted substance should be the Norwegian RoHS directive, which was originally scheduled to take effect on January 1, 2008, and was postponed due to the lack of consensus on many issues.

Canada: On October 18, 2008, Canada declared BPA a toxic chemical substance, thus becoming the first country in the world to list BPA as a toxic chemical substance, and prohibiting the use of BPA in the production of baby bottles Phenol A.

United States:

  1. Federal: In March 2009, the proposal banned the use BPA in “reusable food containers” and “other food containers”. This ban came into effect 180 days after it was officially passed.
  2. Suffolk County, New York: The resolution announced on April 2, 2009 will take effect 90 days later. According to this law, no one in Suffolk County may sell or provide for the sale of baby bottles and children’s beverage containers containing BPA for children under 3 years of age.
  3. Illinois: From July 1, 2010, no one is allowed to sell, provide for sale, distribute or provide for distribution sports water bottles containing BPA, or children’s food containers for children 3 years of age or younger, Regardless of whether the container contains food or beverages.
  4. Maryland: It is stipulated that child care products must not contain BPA or any other substances that are carcinogenic or toxic to the reproductive system, and manufacturers must mark the product as free of BPA. Violation of the above regulations can be fined up to 10,000 U.S. dollars.

BPA Substance Toxicity

Toxicity test data reported in literature and journals
Number Toxicity type Testing method Testing object Dosage
1 Acute toxicity Oral Rat 3250 mg/kg
2 Acute toxicity Oral Mouse 2400 mg/kg
3 Acute toxicity Inhale Mouse >1700 mg/m3/2H
4 Acute toxicity Intraperitoneal injection Mouse 150 mg/kg
5 Acute toxicity Subcutaneous injection Mouse 2500 mg/kg
6 Acute toxicity Oral Rabbit 2230 mg/kg
7 Acute toxicity Skin surface Rabbit 3 ml/kg
8 Acute toxicity Oral Guinea pig 4 mg/kg
9 Acute toxicity Oral Mammal 6500 mg/kg
10 Chronic toxicity Oral Rat 12 mg/kg/12D-I
11 Chronic toxicity Oral Rat 42 mg/kg/8W-C
12 Chronic toxicity Oral Rat 5460 mg/kg/13W-C
13 Chronic toxicity Oral Rat 31500 mg/kg/9W-I
14 Chronic toxicity Oral Rat 455 mg/kg/26W-I
15 Chronic toxicity Inhale Rat 150 mg/m3/6H/13W-I
16 Chronic toxicity Inhale Rat 47 mg/m3/2H/19W-I
17 Chronic toxicity Oral Mouse 273 mg/kg/13W-C
18 Chronic toxicity Inhale Mouse 200 mg/m3/2H/41D-I
19 Chronic toxicity Oral Rabbit 31500 mg/kg/9W-I
20 Chronic toxicity Oral Rabbit 4550 mg/kg/26W-I
21 Eye toxicity Skin surface Rabbit 250 mg
22 Eye toxicity Skin surface Rabbit 500 mg/24H
23 Eye toxicity In the eye Rabbit 250 ug/24H
24 Mutation toxicity Rat liver 200 umol/L
25 Mutation toxicity Intraperitoneal injection Rat 200 mg/kg
26 Mutation toxicity Oral Rat 800 mg/kg/4D (continued）
27 Mutation toxicity Hamster lung 200 umol/L
28 Mutation toxicity Hamster ovary 400 umol/L
29 Mutation toxicity Hamster ovary 400 umol/L
30 Reproductive toxicity Oral Rat mg/kg, 6-15 days after female conception
31 Reproductive toxicity Oral Rat 15 mg/kg, 6-15 days after female conception
32 Reproductive toxicity Oral Rat /kg, 21 days before 10 days of female conception
33 Reproductive toxicity Oral Rat 6400 ug/kg, 13-22 days after female conception
34 Reproductive toxicity Intraperitoneal injection Rat 1275 mg/kg, 1-15 days after female conception
35 Reproductive toxicity Intraperitoneal injection Rat 1275 mg/kg, 1-15 days after female conception
36 Reproductive toxicity Intraperitoneal injection Rat 1875 mg/kg, 1-15 days after female conception
37 Reproductive toxicity Intraperitoneal injection Rat 1275 mg/kg, 1-15 days after female conception
38 Reproductive toxicity Intraperitoneal injection Rat 1875 mg/kg, 1-15 days after female conception

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